Abstract:

The eye’s complicated anatomy makes it difficult for pharmaceutical researchers to transport drugs to the patient desired areas via various methods of administration. The nano-based system’s creation aided in the delivery of the medicine in the required concentration. Low drug contact time and poor ocular bioavailability are problems with older approaches, which are caused by Lacrimation, tear turnover and drainage of solution. Also as a result of its uniqueness architecture and physiology, Barriers of several kinds, such as distinct layers of cornea, sclera, and retina, containing conjunctival blood flow, choroidal blood flow blood retinal and blood aqueous barriers and so on, ocular medication the delivery has been successfully a big issue for scientists.  Furthermore, anatomical obstacles and eye physiological circumstances are crucial factors that influence medication delivery system design. Nanosized carriers have been created to improve penetration, bioavailability, and residence duration, including micro/nanosuspensions, liposomes, niosomes, dendrimers, nanoparticles, hydrogels, and prodrug methods. This review examines different elements of ocular medication administration, with a focus on nanocarrier-based techniques, such as the anatomy of the eye, its obstacles, distribution pathways, and the problems and constraints involved with the creation of innovative nanocarriers. Drug distribution via the ocular route has shown to be a key advancement in the future.

Keywords: Ocular, Human Eye, Route of Administration, Mechanism of Ocular Drug Absorption, Ocular Drug Delivery.